Forester's Notes: စာအုပ္မ်ား

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Feb 8, 2012

What is REDD : A guide for Indigenous communities

ကၽြန္ေတာ္လည္း ဘေလာ့ မေရးျဖစ္တာ ၾကာျပီ။ စိတ္မပါတာေရာ မအားတာေရာ အတြက္ ေၾကာင့္ မေရးျဖစ္တာပါ။ ဒီေန႔ သူငယ္ခ်င္း တစ္ေယာက္နဲ႔ REDD အေၾကာင္း ေဆြးေႏြးျဖစ္ရင္းက စာအုပ္ေလး တစ္အုပ္ကို ဖတ္ၾကည့္ရင္း သေဘာက်လို႕ တင္ဖို႔ စိတ္ကူးရသြားတာပါ။

လက္ရွိ ကမၻာ့ သစ္ေတာ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္မွု လမ္းေၾကာင္းက Green Economy ဆိုတဲ႔ ပတ္၀န္းက်င္ ထိခိုက္မွု မရွိတဲ႔ စီးပြားေရး စနစ္ ကို ဦးတည္ သြားေနတာပါ။ ရာသီဥတု ေျပာင္းလဲမွု ေလ်ာ့ခ်ေရး အတြက္ ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ ျမန္မာ ႏိုင္ငံ အပါအ၀င္ ကမၻာ့ ႏိုင္ငံ အသီးသီး က အင္တိုက္ အားတုိက္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနၾကတယ္လို႕ ဆိုပါတယ္။ အဲဒီလို Green Economy ကို ဦးတည္ ေဖာ္ေဆာင္ၾကတဲ႔ အခါ သစ္ေတာ က႑အေနနဲ႔ ကလည္း သစ္ေတာျပဳန္းတီးမွု ကတဆင့္ ထြက္ေပၚလာႏိုင္တဲ႔ ဖန္လံုအိမ္ ဓါတ္ေငြ႔ (Green House Gases) ေလ်ာ့ခ်ေရး အစီအစဥ္ (Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation- REDD) ဆို တဲ႔ အစီအမံေတြ အင္တိုက္ အားတိုက္ အေကာင္ အထည္ေဖာ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္လာၾကပါတယ္။

REDD programme ေတြကို အဓိက ဦးေဆာင္တာကေတာ့ ဖန္လံုအိမ္ ဓါတ္ေငြ႔ ေတြ အဓိက ထုတ္လႊတ္ေနတဲ႔ အင္အားႀကီး ႏိုင္ငံႀကီး ေတြပါ။ သူတို႔ ေပးတဲ႔ ေထာက္ပံ႔ေငြေၾကး ကလည္း မတန္တဆ မ်ားပါတယ္။ သစ္ေတာ ပိုင္ရွင္အေနနဲ႔ လည္း မိမိတို႔ သစ္ေတာ ကို မခုတ္ဘဲ ထားရံုနဲ႔ ပိုက္ဆံ ရေနမဲ႔ အစီအစဥ္ေလ။ ဒီထက္ေကာင္း တာ ဘာရွိအံုးမွာလဲ။ ႏွစ္ဦးႏွစ္ဘက္ အဆင္ေျပ ေနတာေပါ့။ REDD programme အေၾကာင္း အၾကမ္းဖ်င္း သိခ်င္ရင္ ဒီေအာက္ က စာအုပ္ ကို ဖတ္ၾကည့္ပါ။ အလြယ္တကူ နားလည္ေအာင္ ေရးထားၾကပါတယ္။

(ဒီလင့္မွာ ေဒါင္း လုပ္ ၾကည့္ပါ။)

REDD က ရမည့္ ပိုက္ဆံ ေတြ က မစားရ ၀ခမန္း ျဖစ္ေနေပမဲ႔ ဘယ္သူေတြ အက်ိဳးရွိမွာလဲ ဆိုတာ အဓိက ေမးစရာပါ။ လက္ရွိ ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ ႏိုင္ငံလို ဖြံ႔ျဖိဳးဆဲ ႏိုင္ငံေတြမွာ ပုဂၢလိက ပိုင္ သစ္ေတာ ဆိုတာ ရွားပါတယ္။ သစ္ေတာ ကို အစိုးရက တိုက္ရိုက္ စီမံ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေနတာပါ။ အဲဒီေတာ့ အစိုးရ အေနနဲ႔ ဘ႑ာေငြ အလကား ရ မွာ ျဖစ္တဲ႔ အတြက္ REDD ကို စိတ္၀င္စားပါတယ္။ လက္ရွိ သစ္ထုတ္ေနတာကို ရပ္လုိက္ရံုနဲ႔ ပိုက္ဆံ ရမွာ ဆိုေပမယ့္ တကယ့္ တကယ္ သစ္ေတာေတြအေပၚ မွီခိုေနတာက ေက်းလက္ေန ျပည္သူေတြပါ။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံမွာ စုစုေပါင္း လူဦးေရ ရဲ႕ ၇၀ ရာခိုင္ႏွုန္းေက်ာ္က ေက်းလက္ေန ျပည္သူလူထု ပါ။ သူတို႔ အေနနဲ႔က နီးစပ္ရာ သစ္ေတာ ေတြ အေပၚ မွီခို ရွင္သန္ေန ၾကရတာပါ။ REDD ပေရာဂ်က္ ေတြ အရ ေတာေန လူထု က သစ္ေတာ ေတြ အေပၚ မွီခို ခြင့္ မရွိေတာ့ပါဘူး။ အဲဒီ အတြက္ အစိုးရကေရာ ဘယ္လို တာ၀န္ယူေပးမွာလဲ ဆိုတာ ေမးစရာ ေမးခြန္းပါ။

ေနာက္ တစ္ခု က လက္ရွိ သစ္ေတာ ဌာနရဲ႕ စြမ္းေဆာင္ရည္ (Institutional Capacity) ပါ။ မိမိတို႔ သစ္ေတာ ေတြကို လံုး၀ မထိပဲ တစ္ဘက္ကလည္း ေက်းလက္ေန လူထုရဲ႕ စား၀တ္ေနေရး ေျပလည္ေအာင္ ေထာက္ပံ႔ ေပးဖို႔ စီမံခ်က္ ခ်မွတ္ျပီး အေကာင္အထည္ ေဖာ္ႏိုင္မွာလား။ REDD က ရလာမည့္ အက်ိဳးေက်းဇူးကို ေရာ ျပည္သူေတြ အတြက္ ထိထိ ေရာက္ေရာက္ ခြဲေ၀ ေပးႏိုင္မွာလား။ တရားမ၀င္ သစ္ထုတ္ေနတာကိုေရာ လံုး၀ ပေပ်ာက္သြားေအာင္ တိုက္ဖ်က္ ႏိုင္ျပီလား။ ဌာနတြင္း ျခစားမွုေတြ ကို ေရာ ထိထိေရာက္ေရာက္ အေရး ယူႏိုင္မွာလား…….။

ေနာက္တစ္ခုက ရာသီဥတု ေျပာင္းလဲမွု ေလ်ာ့ခ်ေရး အပိုင္းပါ။ ဖန္လံုအိမ္ အာနိသင္ ဓါတ္ေငြ႕ေတြ အဓိက ထုတ္လြတ္ ေနတဲ႔ လုပ္ငန္းရွင္ေတြ အေနနဲ႔ ကလဲ ဒီေထာက္ပံ႔ေပးရတဲ႔ ေငြပမာဏဟာ လုပ္ငန္းက ရရွိလာမည့္ အက်ိဳးအျမတ္ နဲ႔ ယွဥ္ရင္ အေသးအဖြဲပါ။ ျပီးေတာ့ လက္ရွိ ရာသီဥတု ေျပာင္းလဲမွုေတြ တစ္ႏွစ္ထက္ တစ္ႏွစ္ ဆိုးရြားလာ တဲ႔ ၾကားက REDD programme ကို အေကာင္အထည္ ေဖာ္မည္ ဆိုရင္ သူတို႔အေနနဲ႔ တရား၀င္ ပတ္၀န္း က်င္ ညစ္ညမ္းခြင့္ ရရွိသြားသလို ျဖစ္လာမွာပါ။ ရွိျပီးသား ဖန္လံုအိမ္ ဓါတ္ေငြ႔ ပမာဏ အျပင္ ထပ္ျပီး ထုတ္လႊတ္ဖို႕ လိပ္ျပာ လံုၾကေတာ့မွာပါ။

တဖက္က သစ္ေတာ ကေန ျပန္စုပ္ယူမဲ႔ ကာဗြန္ကလည္း အရမ္းကို Vulnerable ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ သစ္ေတာ ဆိုတာ အခ်ိန္မေရြး ေန႔ခ်င္းညခ်င္း ျပဳန္းတီးႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ မီးေလာင္တာပဲ ျဖစ္ျဖစ္၊ ႏိုင္ငံေရး အရွုပ္အေထြးေၾကာင့္ပဲ ျဖစ္ျဖစ္၊ တရားမ၀င္ သစ္ထုတ္တာေၾကာင့္ပဲ ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ခ်က္ခ်င္း ဆိုသလို ေျပာင္သြား ႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ ကၽြန္ေတာ္ ကပဲ အဆိုး ျမင္ေနတာ လဲ ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ ေမးခြန္းေတြ ကေတာ့ အမ်ားၾကီးပါ။ ကၽြန္ေတာ့ အေနနဲ႔ေတာ့ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံဟာ REDD ကို လက္ခံ ဖို႔ အဆင္သင့္ မျဖစ္ ေသးဘူး လို႔ ထင္ပါတယ္။ အဓိက ကေတာ့ ေက်းလက္ေန ျပည္သူေတြရဲ႕ အခြင့္အေရး ကို ဘယ္လို ကာကြယ္ ႏိုင္မလဲ ဆိုတာ ပါဘဲ။

(ဒီလင့္မွာ ေဒါင္း လုပ္ ၾကည့္ပါ။)

ဒါေပမယ့္ ဘာပဲ ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ REDD ကို အေကာင္အထည္ ေဖာ္မယ္ ဆိုရင္ေတာ့ ေဒသခံေတြ ရဲ႕ အခြင့္အေရးက ပထမ ဦးစားေပး စဥ္းစားရမယ့္ အခ်က္ပါ။ ဘယ္လို အခြင့္အေရးေတြ ရွိသင့္သလဲ ၊ ေတာင္းဆိုသင့္ သလဲ ဆိုတာကို ေတာ့ အေပၚက စာအုပ္ထဲမွာ ျပည့္ျပည့္ စံုစံု ေဖာ္ျပထားပါတယ္။ အခ်ိန္ရရင္ ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ စိတ္၀င္စားရင္ ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ဖတ္ၾကည့္လို႕ ရပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမယ့္ တကယ္ဖတ္သင့္တဲ႔ ေဒသခံ ျပည္သူေတြကေတာ့ ဒီစာအုပ္ကို ဖတ္တတ္မွာ ဖတ္ခ်ိန္ရမွာ ဟုတ္ မဟုတ္ ဆိုတာေတာ့ ေမးစရာပဲေပါ့ဗ်ာ။ အေျဖဆိုတာလဲ သိျပီးသားပဲ ျဖစ္မွာဆိုေတာ့ ဒီအတိုင္းပဲ ထားလိုက္တာ ေကာင္းမယ္လို႕ ထင္ပါတယ္ဗ်ာ။

Sep 4, 2011

Ayeyarwaddy

Ayeyarwaddy by Tite Soe

Open publication - Free publishing

Aug 10, 2011

I want to eat Fish. I cannot eat Electricity

In recent days, Myit-sone Dam Hydropower project has been a hot topic for discussions; on facebook, on blogs and even in State’s newspaper. I just re-hear the voices that people from Mekong Region shouted last three years ago, regarding with the negative impacts from Asian Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank funded hydro-power projects. “I want to eat Fish. I Cannot Eat Electricity”. Their voices were spread throughout the world by this publication, in which the authors from EarthRights International explored the impacts of large-scale infrastructure projects, and how citizens are engaged in advocating for more equitable development in the Mekong region.

In the first section, authors investigate community complaints regarding negative impacts from Asian Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank funded projects, and make recommendations to strengthen international financial institution safeguard policies. The second chapter examines the threats posed by the series of hydropower dams currently planned and under construction along the mainstream of the Mekong to migratory fish stocks, local livelihoods, and regional food security. The final chapter is a survey of problems related to resettlement in the wake of large dams, with a look at how civil society groups are advocating for policy reform.

Download Full Report Here (or) Read directly on GoogleDocs

Jul 16, 2011

Life in the valley of Death

Life in the Valley of Death: The Fight to Save Tigers in a Land of Guns, Gold, and Greed

By Alan Rabinowitz

Description

Dubbed the Indiana Jones of wildlife science by The New York Times, Alan Rabinowitz has devoted—and risked—his life to protect nature’s great endangered mammals. He has journeyed to the remote corners of the earth in search of wild things, weathering treacherous terrain, plane crashes, and hostile governments. Life in the Valley of Death recounts his most ambitious and dangerous adventure yet: the creation of the world’s largest tiger preserve.

The tale is set in the lush Hukaung Valley of Myanmar, formerly known as Burma. An escape route for refugees fleeing the Japanese army during World War II, this rugged stretch of land claimed the lives of thousands of children, women, and soldiers. Today it is home to one of the largest tiger populations outside of India—a population threatened by rampant poaching and the recent encroachment of gold prospectors.

To save the remaining tigers, Rabinowitz must navigate not only an unforgiving landscape, but the tangled web of politics in Myanmar. Faced with a military dictatorship, an insurgent army, tribes once infamous for taking the heads of their enemies, and villagers living on less than one U.S. dollar per day, the scientist and adventurer most comfortable with animals is thrust into a diplomatic minefield. As he works to balance the interests of disparate factions and endangered wildlife, his own life is threatened by an incurable disease.

The resulting story is one of destruction and loss, but also renewal. In forests reviled as the valley of death, Rabinowitz finds new life for himself, for communities haunted by poverty and violence, and for the tigers he vowed to protect.

Download full publication
Read in Google Docs
@credit to the original up-loader

Jul 15, 2011

TOTAL Impact

TOTAL Impact : The Human Rights, Environmental, and Financial Impacts of Total and Chevron’s Yadana Gas Project in Military-Ruled Burma (Myanmar)

A Report by EarthRights International, December 2009

Troubling evidence of such abuses are emerging associated with the transnational Shwe gas and oil transport pipelines from western Burma to China, currently entering the construction phase. The cross-country Shwe gas pipeline will transport natural gas from Burma’s Bay of Bengal to China, where it will provide electricity in Yunnan Province; the oil pipeline will transport non-Burmese oil acquired by China in Africa and the Middle East to Yunnan Province. These pipelines will far surpass the Yadana pipeline in physical length: The Shwe pipeline will cover approximately 2800 kilometers from western Burma to China, whereas the Yadana pipeline spans a mere 60 kilometers of onshore territory in Burma.

On September 10, 2009 EarthRights International (ERI) published almost 200 pages of new
research in two publications linking the oil giants Total S.A., Chevron Corporation, the Petroleum Authority of Thailand Exploration and Production Company Ltd. (PTTEP), and the Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE) to forced labor, killings, high-level corruption,
and authoritarianism in connection to their Yadana natural gas pipeline in military-ruled Burma. The reports also document the flawed corporate social responsibility programs implemented by Total, the operator of the project, and reveal for the first time that the pipeline in Burma has generated more than US$7 billion dollars for the companies and the ruling State Peace and Development Council (SPDC).

Download

Original Links from : www.earthrights.org

Jun 20, 2011

Trees : An illustrative introductory

Trees (Eyewitness Companion Guides)

Birds : An illustrative introductory

An illustrative introductory about Birds: A complete set of their origin, morphology, nature and knowledge about birds. Published by Eyewitness in association with Natural History Museum.

Downloaded @ http://rs4fun.com/

Jun 19, 2011

Collection of International Publication related to forestry research in Myanmar (Part II)

Some of my collection of International Journal publications related to forestry and wildlife conservation which were carried out in Myanmar. Just to share for those who could not access to these publication sites.

Click the title for download !

Sr.	Title of Publication	Authors		Year
11	Eodiaptomus indawgyi n. sp., a pelagic calanoid copepod presumed endemic to ancient Lake Indawgyi, Myanmar	Henri J. Dumont, & Jim Green	2005
12	Surface water quality and information about the environment surrounding Inle Lake in Myanmar	Fumiko Akaishi · Motoyoshi Satake · Masahiro Noriko Tominaga	2006
13	Policy and practice in Myanmar’s protected area system	U. Myint Aung	2007
14	The trade in bear parts from Myanmar: an illustration of the ineffectiveness of enforcement of international wildlife trade regulations	Chris R. Shepherd And Vincent Nijman	2007
15	Development of environmental management mechanism in Myanmar	Myo Nyunt	2008
16	Estimating abundance with sparse data: tigers in northern Myanmar	Antony J. Lynam; Alan Rabinowitz ; Than Myint; Myint Maung; Kyaw T. Latt; Saw Htoo T. Po	2008
17	Eco-efficiency assessment of pulp and paper industry in Myanmar	M. M. Thant And Kitikorn Charmondusit	2009
18	Spatial and temporal deforestation dynamics in protected and unprotected dry forests: a case study from Myanmar	Melissa Songer; Myint Aung ; Briony Senior; Ruth Defries; Peter Leimgruber	2009
19	Evolution of the Irrawaddy delta region since 1850	Peter J Hedley, Michael I Bird And Ruth A J Robinson	2010
20	Remote sensing analysis of forest damage by selection logging in the Kabaung Reserved Forest, Bago Mountains, Myanmar	Rosy Ne Win; Reiji Suzuki; Shinya Takeda	2010
21	Hunting for a Living: Wildlife Trade, Rural Livelihoods and Declining Wildlife in the Hkakaborazi National Park, North Myanmar	Madhu Rao: Than Zaw : Saw Htun; Than Myint	2011
22	Assessing the status of three mangrove species restored by the local community in the cyclone-affected area of the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar	Toe Toe Aung, Maung Maung Than, Ono Katsuhiro And Mochida Yukira	2011
23	A New Species of Snub-Nosed Monkey, Genus Rhinopithecus Milne-Edwards, 1872 (Primates, Colobinae), From Northern Kachin State, Northeastern Myanmar	Thomas Geissmann; Ngwe Lwin, Saw Soe Aung, Thet Naing Aung, Zin Myo Aung	2011
24	Tree Species Composition and Diversity at Different Levels of Disturbance in Popa Mountain Park, Myanmar	Naing Z. Htun; Nobuya Mizoue, And Shigejiro Yoshida	2011

Jun 17, 2011

Collection of International Publication related to forestry research in Myanmar